Energy: Building a foundation for the future
Realizing AI’s potential requires bringing more reliable and abundant energy online, optimizing how we use it, and advancing innovative solutions to unlock clean, affordable energy everywhere.
Powering digital infrastructure responsibly
Scaling intelligence requires a sustainable foundation. We pay our own way and are committed to responsible energy growth in the communities we call home.
“By integrating silicon design, thermal engineering, and direct energy investment, Google is helping build a more affordable, sustainable, and powerful energy future for everyone.”
Pioneering integrated AI efficiency
Because we design the full vertical stack—from the AI chips (TPUs) to the data centers—we can optimize every layer to ensure that the cutting-edge AI you use is built and run as efficiently as possible.
The cleanest energy is the power we didn’t use in the first place
By re-engineering the fabric of computing, our data centers use 83% less overhead energy than industry average and have delivered over 3x more compute performance per unit of energy than five years ago.
Designing chips that “run hot”
Our custom AI silicon (including TPUs) is engineered to operate efficiently at higher internal temperatures. This breakthrough allows us to drastically reduce water and energy consumption.
Optimizing idling
Our serving stack makes highly efficient use of CPUs and minimizes TPU idling by dynamically moving models based on demand in near real time, rather than using a ‘set it and forget it’ approach.
The data center as a grid asset
We re-engineered our software to make our data centers consume power more flexibly. By including load flexibility in our overall energy plan, we can manage AI-driven growth even where power generation and transmission are constrained.
Reducing energy and carbon used for Gemini queries by 33-44x
Optimizing AI inference efficiency—the use of AI models to make predictions or generate text or images—is critical as AI usage rises. We’re sharing our comprehensive methodology for measuring energy, emissions, and water impact to increase industry-wide consistency in calculating AI’s resource consumption and efficiency.
Creating an abundant, reliable energy supply
Investing in and accelerating next-generation clean energy technologies to unlock 10GW+ of future capacity.
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Advanced nuclear
Increasing supply with small modular reactors
Catalyzing the next generation of advanced energy technologies in Tennessee through a public-private collaboration with Kairos Power and the Tennessee Valley Authority.
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Geothermal
Pioneering next-generation geothermal technology
Using advanced horizontal drilling and fiber-optic sensing to create artificial reservoirs in hot rock where traditional geothermal wasn't previously possible, in partnership with Fervo.
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Long-duration storage
Storing renewable energy for up to 24 hours
Using EnergyDome’s CO2 Battery technology to compress CO2 into liquid and provide a cost-effective and scalable way to keep the grid stable and carbon-free.
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Grid-enhancing technologies
Boosting grid capacity and reliability for everyone
Accelerating the deployment of next-generation transmission technology using CTC Global’s advanced conductors (upgraded power lines) that can double transmission capacity in months.
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Nuclear
Accelerating nuclear energy deployment
Strengthening local grid reliability and production with the planned restart of the Duane Arnold Energy Center, Iowa.
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Nuclear
Optimizing and accelerating reactor construction
Partnering with Westinghouse on a custom AI-powered platform targeting the construction process—historically 60% of reactor costs.
The AI-energy nexus
As AI models grow in complexity, so does the demand for the energy that powers them. Explore how Google is tackling this critical tension between technological progress and sustainability.
Tapping abundant space-based solar energy
Dig into the ambitious work of Project Suncatcher, a bold effort to someday place solar-powered data storage in orbit to fuel the next generation of AI.
Advancing existing energy sources
Capturing and storing ~90% of CO₂ emissions
Significantly reducing carbon emissions from gas power plants and providing clean, reliable power to electricity grids with Broadwing Energy.
Bringing new capacity online while strengthening the public grid
By building data centers in lockstep with massive-scale power generation, we can bypass legacy transmission bottlenecks.
Driving sustainable innovation for society
We're bringing more clean energy online and advancing responsible water use at our data centers across the globe.